Monday, December 22, 2014

Making Concversation Using WH Question

CONVERSATION USING WH QUESTIONS

Ega : Hey guys, what are you doing in here ?
Yayak : We are waiting for you.
Ega : What for ?
Yayak : Yesterday, when you went home, your lunch box was left.
Ega : Oh ya, Where ?
Yayak : At the very back of the canteen bench.
Ega : Which bench is that ?
Yayak : The second bench from left.
Ega : Who found the box ?
Yayak : I am of course.
Ega : Ok thanks Yayak.
Yayak : Your welcome Ega.

On the way to class...

Ega : Hey, that is Yani right. With whom is she ?
Yayak : I don't know.
Ega : Hey Yani, Who is he ?
Yani : Oh, That is my brother.
Yayak : Oh ya i see... Wow.. Whose fried rice is this ? Look yummy..
Yani : This is mine. I bring it for lunch.
Ega : Why do you bring fried rice? Usually, you ate in the canteen right?
Yani : Ya, because it has made my brother, so i want to appreciate it.
Yayak : So cute.. Why don't you bring a lot of fried rice for us too.. Hehe
Yani : Hahaha... How do i say to my brother? He will think that i am so starving at all.
Ega : By the way, How old is your brother ?
Yani : 21 i think, why do you ask that ?
Yayak : Ehem.. Do you like him Ega ?
Ega : No no no.. I just ask.

Making conversation Using Modal Auxiliaries

Conversation Using Modal Auxiliary

Yayak : Hi guys, I have some information for you.
Ega : About what?
Yayak : Well next week our departement Multimedia Creative will held a camp.
Yani : What date will be held?
Yayak : On 21-23 December 2014
Ega : Wow, fantastic, we have to join the camp.
Yayak : Yes of course. Because we will get a lot of experience in their, how about you Yani ?
Ega : You join us, don't you ?
Yani : Mmm.. I think I have another activity that more interesting than camp.
Ega : Oh, come on.. You shouldn't have wasted this opportunity.
Yayak : Ya, because this in annual event of our department.
Yani : Ya I know that, but I can't.
Ega : Why ?
Yani : I prefer stay home.
Ega : What ? You say that you have more interesting activity than camp, and you just stay home ?
Yayak : Oh come on guys.. Don't be emotional. Why don't we discuss it calmly?
Yani : Ya, that's right, it's my life. Is not of your business.
Yayak : Oh Ega, you had better more patient. And Yani, this is an important event. Wpuld you like to join with us ?
Ega : We ask you one more time. So, would you like to join wwith us ? Please...
Yani : All right... Because you are my best friend.. I will join it..

Sunday, December 21, 2014

Modal Auxiliary Dialogues



A             : “Hey, I have some information for you.”
B             : “What’s that?”
A             : “I heard that Nia had return to Indonesia last week.”
B             : “Oh I miss her so much!”
A             : “Yeah, Irma has already inviting us to meet up Nia tomorrow. Would you?
B             : “My pleasure. But Maybe I’ll catch up.”
A             : “Ok. No problem, I’ll wait you tomorrow.”
***
A             : “Oh I’m waiting for you soooo looong…… You shouldn’t have been late.”
B             : “I’m sorry darl. I had to picked up my mom.”
A             : “Well, never mind. Forget it. Let’s go to the restaurant.”
B             : “yes, they should have arrived and waited us.”
A             : “Wait, where they are? That must have been the right restaurant. There are no other restaurants   on this street.”
B             : “Yeah, I think so. That must have been the right restaurant. It’s not wrong address, right?
A             : “But… wait.. Google Maps said that the restaurant is behind the bakery shop.”
B             : “The restaurant might have been moved.”
A             : “Aaaah! That’s right. The bakery shop had moved to the grocery shop.”
B             : “Let’s go there. We have been very late.”
A             : “Well, that is!!!”
B             : “Hey, Where is Irma and Nia?”
A             : “That must be Nia. Irma said she was tall with bright red hair now.”
B             : “Oh yeah, That must be Irma with the tall body and flowerish hijab,”
***
Nia         : “Oh what time is it? They’re very long haha.”
Irma       : “They might have gotten traffic jam.”
Nia         : “We had better more patient, right? Haha”
***
B             : "Hi guys!”
Irma       : “Oh thanks God! Hi.. We’ve been waited you for a long time.”
A             : “We’re sorry girls. I had to picked up my mom.”
B             : “Yes. And you know, we had almost got lost because The bakery shop “on Google Maps” had movet to grocery shop. And of course we had confused.”
Nia         : “Hm…. Never mind, Let me order for some food.”

Monday, December 15, 2014

Seperti hujan?


Ketika hujan turun, aku selalu berterima kasih. Berterima kasih kepada hujan, karena telah memberiku kesempatan untuk melamun. Bagiku, saat hujan adalah saat yang tepat untuk melamun. Melihat tetesan hujan dari jendela yang terlihat seperti memaksa untuk masuk tapi terhalang kaca jendela. Menatap kumpulan tetesannya yang bersatu menjadi sebuah aliran air menuruni kaca jendela, seolah mereka tak lagi ada harapan untuk masuk, dan rela untuk luruh jatuh ke tanah.


Entah mengapa, hujan yang datang beramai-ramai itu hanya menghadirkan sepi. Apakah hujan terdiri atas 1% air + 99% kesepian? Jika benar begitu, yang tersisa hanya 100% kenangan.

Namun, bahkan setelah hujan berhenti pun mengapa kesepian itu tak kunjung luruh bersama aliran air hujan? Dan masih tetap menggantung seperti tetesan embun di pucuk daun.

Monday, November 17, 2014

COLLECTIVE NOUNS

Collective nouns adalah nomina atau kata benda yang menunjukkan pada suatu kelompok/kumpulan orang, binatang, atau benda.


Perhatikan contoh dan catatan untuk collective nouns berikut di bawah ini.

Collective nouns untuk kumpulan orang (groups of people), misalnya: family, crew, team, club, community, committee, choir, company, crowd, band, gang, orchestra, government, audience, army, etc.


Dalam kalimat, collective nouns dapat menggunakan singular atau plural verb, contoh:
- My family was happy to see me.- My family were happy to see me.

Nomina cattle, people, dan the police selalu memakai plural verb.


Jika suatu kumpulan itu berperan sebagai kesatuan sebuah kumpulan (single unit) saja, gunakan singular verb. Tetapi, jika kumpulan itu berperan atau melakukan suatu aktivitas, maka gunakan plural verb, contoh:
- The crowd was orderly.- The crowd were clapping, yelling and cheering.

Contoh lain kumpulan untuk orang (groups of people): crowd of shoppers, company of actors, class of schoolchildren, gang of thieves, panel of judges, platoon of soldiers.


Contoh collective nouns untuk kumpulan binatang (groups of animal) yang biasanya disertai kata tambahan tertentu: herd of cattle, flock of birds, drove of sheep, gaggle of geese, pack of wolves, pride of lions, pod of dolphins, school of fish, litter of puppies, troop of monkeys, brood of chickens, swarm of bees.


Contoh collective nouns kumpulan benda (groups of things) yang juga biasanya disertai kata tambahan tertentu: bunch of bananas, deck of cards, cluster of grapes, flight of steps, bunch of flowers, suite of rooms, bouquet of flowers, suite of furniture, range of mountains, set of tools, fleet of ships, string of beads, fleet of vehicles, grove of trees.


Contoh collective nouns yang menunjukkan jumlah atau bentuk dari suatu benda (the amount or form of something): loaf of bread, bar of soap, ball of string, bar of chocolate.



Catatan


Kata a piece of atau a slice of yang berarti sebagian, bagian, sepotong, atau sedikit, biasanya juga dapat menyertai sebuah kata benda.


Contoh:
- a slice/piece of bread 
- a slice/piece of cheese
- a piece/square of chocolate 
- a slice/piece of cake
- a sheet/piece of paper 
- a piece of chalk
- a piece of information 
- a piece of advice

Ada beberapa nomina yang selalu dipakai berpasangan (pair nouns), misalnya: binoculars, glasses, jeans, pants, pyjamas, scissors, shorts, tights, trousers.


Nomina berpasangan ini adalah nomina plural dan selalu memakai verba yang juga plural.
- My jeans need washing.These tights were quite expensive.
- We've got some scissors somewhere.

Kata sandang (articlea/an atau pernyataan jumlah tidak boleh dipakai secara langsung padapair nouns, kecuali sebelumnya ditambahkan kata pair of.
- I need some jeans.- Laura bought four pairs of tights.

Saturday, November 15, 2014

SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT

Sentences / kalimat minimal terdiri dari Subject + Verb.
    contoh :
    I work
    The car in the garage is mine
    The man with the black jacket is my father
    The man who is standing before the door is my father
   
Basic rule/Principle: Singular subjects need singular verbs; Plural subjects need plural verb
 jadi, subject tunggal, membutuhkan kata kerja tunggal; subjek jamak membutuhkan kata kerja jamak.
    contoh:
    My brother is a nutritionist
    My sisters are mathematicians

Tips and tricksThe tricks is in knowing whether the subject is singular or plural. (kita harus mengetahui subject tersebut tunggal atau jamak)
The next trick is recognizing a singular or plural verb (kita harus mengenali kata kerja mana yang tunggal dan mana yang jamak.)

Rule 1: Indefinite Pronouns
The indefinite pronouns anyone, everyone, someone, noone, nobody are always singular and therefore, require singular verbs.
    Examples:
    Everyone has done his/her homework
    Somebody has left her purse
    Nobody is in the room

exception 1: All & some
some indefinite pronouns such as all, some are singular or plural depending on what they're referring to. (Is the thing referred to countable or not?)
  
Examples:
    Some of the books are missing.
    Some of the water is gone.

exception 2: none
None can be singular or plural depending on the noun that follows.
   
Examples:
    None of the students are in the class.
    None of the food is fresh.

special case: Each
Each is always singular. Don't be confused/distracted with the plural nouns following it.
    ex:
    Each of the students is responsible for his/her homework
    Each of the cars has different color.


Rule 2: Together with, as well as, along with.
Phrases such as Together with, as well as, along with are not the same as and. They don't add or compound the subject.
   
Examples:
    The mayor, as well as his brothers, is going to prison.
    The mayor and his brothers are going to jail.
    My friends, together with Rani, are at school.

Additional explanation
Sometimes, the subject is separated from the verb by word such as along with, as well as, besides, or not. Ignore these expressions when determining whether to use a singular or plural verb,
   
Examples:
    The politician, along with the newsmen, is expected shortly.
    Excitement, as well as nervousness, is teh cause of her shaking.


Rule 3: Subject separated from the verb / appositives
Sometimes modifiers will get between a subject and its verb, but these modifiers must  not confuse the agreement between the subject and its verb.
  
Examples:
    The mayor who has been convicted along with his four brothers on four counts of various crimes but who also seems, like a cat, to have several polotical lives, is finally going to jail.


Rule 4: The pronouns of adjective clause
Sometimes the pronoun Who, That or Which is the subject of a verb in the middle of the sentences. The pronouns Who, That, and Which become singular or plural according to the noun directly in front of them. So, if that noun is singular, use a singular verb. If its plural subjects, use a plural verb.
   
Examples:
    Salma is the scientist who writes the reports
    He is one of the men who does the work.

Rule 5: Either + Or and Neither + nor
Or doesn't conjoin (as and does): when Nor or Or is used the subject closer to the verb determines the number of the verb. Whether the subject comes before or after the verb doesn'r matter:
   
Examples
    Either my father or my brothers are going to sell the house.
    Neither my brothers nor my father is going to sell the house
    Are either my brothrs or my father responsible?
    Is either my father or my brothers responsible?

Pronouns: Eitherand neither
The pronouns neither and either are singular and require seingular verbs even though the seem to be referring, isn sense, to two things.
   
Examples:
    Neither of the two traffic lights is working.
    Either of us is capable of doing the job.
    Which shirt do you want for christmas? Either is fine with me.

Be careful!
In informal writing, neither/either sometimes take a plural verb when these pronouns are followed by a prepositional phrase beginning with of. This is particularly true of interrogative constructions:
   
Examples:
    Have either of you two clowns read the assignment?
    Are either of you taking this seriously?


Rule 6: Pseudo Subject There and here
The word there and here are never subjects. The real subjects come after the verbs.
   
Examples:
    There are two reasons (plural subject) for this.
    There is no reason for this.
    Here are two apples.
    Here is the key.


Rule 7: Third party Singular He, she, it, personal name.
Verbs in the present tense for third-person, singular subjects (he, she, it, and anything those words can stand for: Randi, Dani, the cat, the table) have s-endings. Othe verbs don't add s-endings.
   
Examples:
    She teaches English
    Rani teaches English
    The cats eats fish
    It eats fish
    He has good personality
    It has beautiful fur.

Remember!!
Add-s/es only to present verbs, not to past or past participle verbs. The past form of singular "be" is "was".
    Singular present:
    -She is here
    Singular Past:
    -She was here


Rule 8: Word end in -s
Singular:
Some words end in -s and appear to be plural but are really singular and require singular verbs.
   
Examples:
    The news from the front is bad
    Measles is a dangerous disease for pregnant women.

Plural:
But, some words end in -s and appear to be plural and require plural vebrs.
   
Examples:
    My assets were wiped out in the depression.
    The average worker's earnings have gone up dramatically.

List of singular words end in-s:
    -Diseases: Measles, rabies, fields of study
    -Occupation: economics, ethics, politics, physics, etc,
    -Games: Dominoes, cards, etc.
   
Examples: Mathematics is my favourite lesson.

List of plural words end in -s
    -customs (at the airport, not practices)
    -guts (courage, not intestines)
    -quarters (lodging, not 1/4s)
    -clothes (garments)
    -goods (merchandise)
    -arms (weapons)
   
Examples: The goods are in the warehouse.

Nouns that are always plural:
    -pants
    -clothes
    -pajamas
    -shorts
    -scissors, etc




 

Rule 9: Fractional Expressions Half of, a part of, a precentage of and so forth.
With words that indicate portions—percent, fraction, part, majority, some, all, none, remainder, and so forth —look at the noun in your of phrase (object of the preposition) to determine whether to use a singular or plural verb. If the object of the preposition is singular, use a singular verb. If the object of the preposition is plural, use a plural verb.
    Examples:
    Fifty percent of the pie has disappeared.
    Pie is the object of the preposition of.
    Fifty percent of the pies have disappeared.
    Pies is the object of the preposition.
    One-third of the city is unemployed.
    One-third of the people are unemployed.


Rule 10: Negative & Positive subjects
If your sentence compound a positive and a negative subject and one is plural, the other singular, the verb should agree with the positive subject.
   
Examples:
    The departement members but not the chair have decided not to teach on valentine's day.
    It is not the faculty members but the president who decides this issue.

Rule 11: Sum of money or periods
use a singular verb with sums of money or periods of time.
   
Examples:
    Ten dollars is a high price to pay.
    Five years is the maximum sentence for that offense


Addapted from : Englishlecturer.com



Monday, October 13, 2014

Bukti Peninggalan Sejarah Kerajaan Majapahit

Bukti peninggalan sejarah Kerajaan Majapahit yang tertulis dibawah tahun 1960 adalah prasasti dan Kitab.
Prasasti

  1. Prasasti Maribong (Trowulan II) (1264 M)
    Menyebutkan bahwa pada tanggal 28 Agustus 1264 M Wisnuwardhana memberi tanda pemberian hak perdikan bagi desa Maribong.
  2. Prasasti Kudadu (1294 M)
    Dikeluarkan oleh Kertarajasa Jayawarddhana. Isinya dalam rangka mmeperingati pemberian anugerah kepada pejabat desa (rama) di Kudadu
  3. Prasasti Sukamerta (Skamerta) (1296 M).
    Dikeluarkan oleh Raja Kertarajasa Jayawarddhana. Prasasti ini memperingati penetapan daerah Sukanarta kembali menjadi daerah swatantra atas permohonan Panji Patipati Pu Kapat
  4. Prasasti Wringun Pitu (1477 M)
    Dikeluarkan oleh Bhre Tumapel Dyah Kertawijaya Isinya berkenaan dengan pengukuhan perdikan dharma Rajasakusumaputra di Wringin Pitu.
  5. Prasasti Jiwu (1486 M)
    Dikeluarkan oleh Ranawijaya  Isinya sehubungan dengan pengukuhan anugerah berupa tanah-tanah di Trailokyapuri kepada seorang brahmana terkemuka, Sri Brahmaraja Ganggadara.

Kitab
1.      Kitab Negara Kertagama,
karangan Empu Prapanca. Isinya tentang keadaan kota Majapahit, daerah-daerah jajahan dan perjalanan Hayam Wuruk mengelilingi daerah-daearah kekuasaannya.
2.      Kitab Sotasoma,
karangan Empu Tantular. Isinya tentang riwayat Sotasoma, seorang anak raja yang menjadi pendeta Buddha. Ia bersedia mengorbankan dirinya untuk kepentingan semua makhluk yang ada dalam kesulitan.
3.      Kitab Arjunawijaya, karangan Empu Tantular. Isinya tentang raksasa yang berhasil dikalahkan oleh Arjuna Sasrabahu
4.      Kitab Sorandakan, ditulis dalam bentuk kidung, menceritakan tentang pemberontakan Sora terhadap Raja Jayanegara di Lumajang. 
5.      Kitab Panjiwijayakrama, ditulis dalam bentuk kidung dan isinya riwayat Raden Wijaya sampai menjadi raja Majapahit.

Thursday, September 25, 2014

Introducing Others


Nila : Mmmhh..... Henna? Is that you?
Henna : Heeeyyy!!! Nilaaaa!!!
Nila : Fancy meeting you here.. Long time no see.
Henna : It has been a long time. How are you? You look so beautiful yeah haha and........ You're fatty than before.
Nila : Pretty Good. Really? Hahaha You look so pretty too. Oh yeah everyone said it. How's life?
Henna : Huh I'm so busy right now. It's so many activity in my college. How about you?
Nila : We're have a same problem. I never felt this way before. It's so tired..
Henna :  It's a real life sist....
Nila : By the way, I'm so sorry, I’m on my way to lunch…. May be catch up with you again soon.
Henna : Oh, don't worry. It would be Okay.. Mhhh.. Where are you going?
Nila : Oh I want to go to the Sonic Cafe with my sister, Mmmmhhhh... But.. How if we catch up at the cafe together? would you like to join me?
Henna : Oh thanks. But, am I disturb you?
Nila : I don't think so. I think my sister wouldn't mind.
Henna : Thank You, it's my pleasure.

*at the Sonic Cafe*

Nila : Hi faisa.. Sorry I'm late.
Faisa : Hi Nila! It's Okay. Who's your friend?
Nila : Oh yaa, Faisa this is my friend, Henna. We played on the same Marching Band team in High School.
Faisa : I'm pleased to meet you, Henna.
Nila : Henna this is Faisa, my beloved Sister.
Henna : Hi Faisa, Maybe I'll very happy to have a sister like you, Faisa.
Nila : Faisa, I hope you don't mind if Henna join us?
Faisa : It's my pleasure, Henna
Henna : Thank you guys.

Review Aplikasi Multimedia "Adobe Premiere Pro"



Adobe Premiere Pro adalah sebuah bagian dari Adobe Creative Suite yaitu program penyunting video. Sebuah rangkaian dari desain grafis, video editing, dan pengembangan aplikasi web yang dibuat oleh Adobe Systems. Premiere Pro mendukung banyak kartu video editing dan plug-in untuk percepatan proses, tambahan mendukung format file, dan video / audio efek. Premiere Pro CS4 adalah versi pertama yang akan dioptimalkan untuk 64-bit sistem operasi meskipun tidak natively 64-bit.

Adobe Premiere Pro merupakan program pengolah video pilihan bagi kalangan profesional, terutama yang suka bereksperimen. Program ini banyak digunakan oleh perusahaan Pembuatan Film/Sinetron, Broadcasting, dan Pertelevisian. Salah satunya adalah BBC dan The Tonight Show. Itu sudah sering digunakan untuk film-film, seperti Dust to Glory, Captain Abu Raed, dan Superman Returns, dan untuk tempat lain seperti Confessions Tour oleh Madonna.